In an attempt to test quantum nonlocality -- the "spooky
interaction at a distance" that occurs between two entangled particles, physicists from the
University of Geneva have sent two entangled photons traveling to different
towns located 18 km apart --the longest distance for this type of quantum
measurement.
By separating the two interferometer measurements by 18 km (a photon would take 60 microseconds to
cover the 18 km), they were able to confirm that the quantum measurements (made
simultaneously at each of the interferometers in just 7.1 microseconds) could
not be been influenced by anything traveling at--or even a few times more
than--the speed of light, thus
ruling out any kind of classical communication between the two
entangled particles
separated by a distance.
The test once again confirms the nonlocal nature of quantum correlations.
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In a study of low-risk prostate cancer patients on the Ornish diet and exercise regimen, genetic analysis revealed profound differences in noncancerous prostate tissues in just three months, according to Dean Ornish, a clinical professor of medicine at UCSF, and colleagues. More than 500 genes changed the way they worked.
Genes with beneficial effects, including some tumor-suppression genes, became more active. Genes with deleterious effects, including some cancer-promoting genes, were switched off. Ornish and colleagues report their findings in the June 17 issue of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (open-access article).
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Researchers at University of California, Berkeley have manipulated stem cells in older muscle tissue to produce new muscle fibers at levels comparable to young stem cells. Old muscle tissue produces elevated levels of the molecule TGF-beta, which is known to inhibit muscle growth.
The researchers used RNA interference, which can silence specific genes, to inhibit the TGF-beta pathway in old mice. Muscle wasting--loss of muscle mass--occurs both during aging and in a number of diseases, such as cancer and muscular dystrophy.
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